The claw hammer is an indispensable icon in the toolbox, combining driving force with pulling power.
Product Specifications :
Generally Calw Hammers are classified by the head weights which range from 8oz, 16oz most commonly.
Handle Length: Typically corresponds to weight and use : usually 25cm - 35cm.
Head Material: Almost universally High-Carbon Steel (e.g., 1045, 1055, 1060 grade). Crucially hardened and tempered for durability and to resist chipping or deforming.
Face Diameter: Varies by weight: 25mm to 32mm
Claw Type:
Curved Claw: Most common. Designed primarily for pulling nails. The curve provides leverage and helps the claw slide under nail heads. Less effective for prying.
Handle Material:
Hickory / Wood: Traditional, prized for shock absorption, strength, and feel. Requires maintenance.
Fiberglass: Modern alternative, very durable, excellent vibration dampening, weather-resistant.
Steel: Found in one-piece or some "Pro" hammers. Extremely durable, transmits more shock.
Common Types:
Finishing Hammer (Curved Claw): Lighter (7oz-16oz), shorter handle (10"-14"). Always has a smooth face to avoid marring finished wood surfaces. Used for trim, cabinetry, and delicate work.
Rip Hammer (Straight Claw): Similar weight/length to framing hammers but features the straight claw optimized for demolition and prying tasks. Often has a smooth face.
General Purpose/Utility Hammer (Curved Claw): Mid-weight (13oz-16oz), medium handle (13"-16"), smooth face. The versatile "everyday" hammer for household tasks, light repairs, and occasional DIY projects.
Manufacturing Process (Drop Forging - The Standard):
Billet Cutting: Long bars of high-carbon steel are cut into short cylindrical billets ("blanks") of the required weight.
Heating: Blanks are heated in a furnace to approximately 2200°F (1200°C), making the steel malleable.
Drop Forging:
Red Hot blanks are forged by drop forged hammers untill the blank takes the final shape of claw hammer head.
Trimming: The forged head, still hot, is placed into a trimming press. Dies shear off the excess flash around the perimeter and inside of the hole for handle.
Heat Treatment:
Hardening: Heads are reheated to a critical temperature (around 1500°F / 815°C) and then rapidly quenched in oil or water. This makes the steel extremely hard but also brittle.
Tempering: Heads are reheated to a lower, specific temperature (typically 400°F - 800°F / 200°C - 425°C) for a controlled time and then cooled. This crucial step reduces brittleness while maintaining necessary hardness and toughness (achieving the target HRC 50-55 range). The exact tempering temperature/time dictates the final properties.
Cleaning/Finishing: Heads are cleaned (e.g., shot blasting) to remove scale. The striking face is ground smooth and polished. Claws may be ground sharp. Surfaces are often coated (e.g., blueing, enamel, lacquer, electroplating) for corrosion resistance and appearance.
Eye Drilling/Broaching: The eye hole, roughly formed during forging, is precisely finished using drills and broaches to ensure a smooth, uniform surface for handle insertion.
Handle Manufacture:
Wood: Hickory blanks are shaped (turned, sanded), sometimes treated, and fitted with a wedge slot.
Fiberglass/Composite: Resin-impregnated fibers are molded under heat and pressure around a steel core (for strength) within shaped dies.
Steel: Formed as part of a one-piece design or welded to the head.
Assembly (Wood Handles): The wooden handle tip is inserted tightly into the hammer eye. A steel or wood wedge is driven into the pre-cut slot in the handle tip, expanding it securely against the walls of the eye. Adhesives (epoxy) are often used for added security. Fiberglass/composite handles are typically molded directly onto a head tang or secured via epoxy resin in the eye.
Final Inspection & Packaging: Hammers are inspected for weight, balance, secure attachment, finish, and markings before packaging.
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